CDC COMMUNITY GUIDE: Targeted Vaccinations: Multiple Interventions Implemented in Combination

CDC

An Evidence-Based Practice

Description

Most of the available evidence on effectiveness identified in our reviews of interventions to increase targeted vaccine coverage came from studies that evaluated multiple interventions in combination. These studies evaluated a wide variety of intervention combinations.

The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends interventions that include the combination of interventions as indicated below, based on strong evidence of their effectiveness in increasing targeted vaccination coverage.
• An intervention to enhance access to vaccination services (expanded access in healthcare settings, reduced client out-of-pocket costs), and
• At least one provider- or system-based intervention (standing orders, provider reminder systems, provider assessment and feedback), and/or
• At least one intervention to increase client demand for vaccination (client reminders, client education).

Results / Accomplishments

Results from the Systematic Reviews:
Combinations of specific interventions have proven effectiveness for increasing targeted vaccine coverage.

Twenty-three qualifying studies provided 26 study arms evaluating 22 different combinations of interventions for the systematic review.
• Vaccination coverage: median increase of 16.5 percentage points (range: -5.9 to 67.0 percentage points; 16 studies, 19 study arms)
• These results should be applicable in most client and provider populations and most settings where improvements in coverage are needed.
• Evidence was insufficient to determine the effectiveness of other combinations of interventions in increasing coverage.

About this Promising Practice

Primary Contact
The Community Guide
1600 Clifton Rd, NE
MS E69
Atlanta, GA 30329
(404) 498-1827
communityguide@cdc.gov
https://www.thecommunityguide.org/
Topics
Health / Immunizations & Infectious Diseases
Source
Community Guide Branch Epidemiology and Analysis Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Location
USA
For more details
https://www.thecommunityguide.org/inactive/targete...
Target Audience
Children, Adults

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An Evidence-Based Practice meets the following HCI criteria:

  1. The program description includes at a minimum: the sponsoring organization, program goals, program implementation steps, and outcomes that have demonstrated program success in achieving the program goal in one or more localities.
  2. The results from an evaluation of the program include quantitative measures showing improvement in the outcome(s) of interest after the implementation of the program (i.e. increase in smoking cessation, not just the delivery of a smoking cessation program). The outcome measure(s) is/are compared at relevant time periods before and after the intervention or program implementation. Alternatively, the evaluation study compares the outcome(s) between an intervention group and an appropriate control group.
  3. The study is of peer-review quality and presents numbers in a scientific manner; measurements of precision and reliability are included (e.g. confidence intervals, standard errors), results from statistical tests show a significant difference or change in the outcome measure(s), and relevant point estimates and p-values are presented. Note: if the results from an evaluation of a program are presented in a scientific manner and the outcome measure is improved compared to the baseline measurement or the control group but the difference is not statistically significant, the practice is classified as effective and not evidence-based.